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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Tom L. Johnson ： ウィキペディア英語版 Tom L. Johnson Tom Loftin Johnson (Georgetown, Kentucky, July 18, 1854 – Cleveland, Ohio, April 10, 1911) was an American industrialist and politician, an important figure of the Progressive era and a pioneer in urban political and social reform. He was a U.S. Representative from 1891–95 and Mayor of Cleveland 1901-09. ==Early life and business career== Johnson's father, a wealthy cotton planter with lands in Kentucky and Arkansas, served in the Confederate Army in the Civil War. The war ruined the family financially, and they were forced to move to several locations in the South in search of work. By age 11, Johnson was selling newspapers on the railroads in Staunton, Virginia and providing a substantial part of the family's support. He worked all through his youth, and never had more than one complete year of formal education.〔Johnson 1911, pp.1-7.〕 Johnson's break came through an old family connection with the industrial du Pont dynasty. In 1869, the brothers A.V. and Bidermann du Pont gave him a clerk's job on the street railway business they had acquired in Louisville. Johnson rose rapidly in the business, and discovered a taste for the mechanical side of it. He patented several inventions, including an improved type of streetcar rail, and the glass-sided farebox still used on many buses today.〔Sheridan, Michael J. (''The Story of the Johnson Farebox Company'' ) Retrieved 2014-08-25.〕 By 1876, thanks partly to royalties from his farebox, Johnson was able to strike out on his own, purchasing a controlling share in the street railways of Indianapolis. In the 1880s and 90s he expanded his interests to lines in Cleveland, St. Louis, Brooklyn and Detroit, and also entered the steel business, building mills in Lorain, Ohio and Johnstown, Pennsylvania to provide rails for streetcar tracks. He moved to Cleveland in 1883 and soon afterwards bought a mansion on the 'Millionaire's Row' of Euclid Avenue. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tom L. Johnson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.